The result of mixing calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid Essay Example for Free

The result of mixing calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid Essay I will set the apparatus out as shown above. To make it a fair experiment I will always add three marble chips and 10ml of acid to the test tube, for the first experiment. The clock will start with the test tube is secured with the bung. I will count how many bubbles come out in a minute. I will also check at certain intervals how far the bubbles of CO2 have reached in the burette (cm3). For the second experiment I will place 5 chips with roughly the same weight into separate test tube. The different test tubes will have a different acidic strength (molar). When The marble chips and the acids are added together I will time how long it will take for the bubbles to stop. Prediction: I predict that as the concentration of the acid decrease, from the selection I have chosen, the time of the reaction will increase, as the acid will consume the marble chips slower. There would also be fewer bubbles, coming out of the delivery tube, which is connected to the boiling tube. For the second experiment I predict that as the concentration of the acid increases the chips will be consumed quicker and the bubbles will disappear. Other experiments: Other ways in which I could have measured the rate of reaction was to use different weights of marble. For example I could have used only one marble chip or grinded a marble chip or I could have used 1-? amount of marble (as long a I had the resources). I could have measured how long it took the bubbles to fill up to reach 40, 30 20 etc. Results (1st): Concentration of acids (M) Bubble Count (1st) Bubble Count(2nd) CO3 (5 seconds)(1st)Â  24 13min, 11sec Graph: From the results I have retrieved I will make two graphs to explain the experiment. I will use two line graphs to do this. (Look at graph paper). Analysis: From the results I have found and the tables that I have drawn I can tell that as the concentration of the acid, in molars, increases there are more frequent appearances of bubbles and the burette fills up with CO3 quicker. For the second experiment I have found that there is a pattern as in the first table all the lines seem to curve in practically the same way. The graph allows me to measure the gradient accurately. From the table I can see that as the acid molecules were more stronger they worked quicker to consume the marble chips that had a quite a bit of surface area. From the results I found I believe that my prediction was correct. I said that as the acidic concentration increased the marble chips will be consumed quicker. From the two experiments that I did I believe that the rate of reaction experiment was more better than the other as it gave me more results. Conclusion: From all the experiment that I have done, on the rate of the reaction and how long it takes certain acids to consume marble chips, I have concluded that my experiment was successful in the sense that all the measurements gathered were accurate and that they showed the needed result to make the tables. I think that the acidic concentration effects the marble chips in the first experiment. And in the second experiment I think that acidic concentration also effects the marble chips in this experiment as well. Evaluation: From the results I have retrieved the quality of them depended on the accuracy of the instruments I used. These instruments included a burette to collect the CO3, a measuring cylinder to measure the liquids I was using and a clock to measure how long the experiment ran. The burette was only accurate to 1 millimetre so 1/10 of a centimetre. The measuring cylinder was only accurate to 1 millilitre. The clock was only accurate to 1 second so it was hard to interoperate where the pin exactly stopped, if it stopped in the middle of the second markers. The top pan balance was only accurate to 2 decimal places and 0. 00g. The acids were in molars and as the results were retrieved on different days the concentration may have varied in this period. The marble chips werent weighed in the first experiment so they may have given an inaccurate result. The accuracy of the reading I took were hard to see as it was difficult to determine, whether the marble chip had dissolved in the acid. The clock sometimes didnt start when the lever was moved upwards. Each reading that I took was repeated at least twice. From these two readings I made an average conclusion to plot the graph. The only abnormal and uncommon result that I spotted was in the second graph. It was the point where the 3(M) mark was plotted, it was not supposed to be there. The good points about my method were that they were repeated enough times to make an average and hence eliminated any chance of there being a mistake. The bad points about my method were that the marble chips were not always the same weight. The solution of the acid was not measurable so you have to make an estimate the concentration of the acid. As the results were taken on different days the temperature in the room may have varied through the duration of the experiments. I could have used a more effective clock to get better readings. I could have proceeded to use larger amounts or other concentrations of acids. Instead of the experiments that I did I could have done something different for example collecting the gas in a test tube and seeing whether or not it was flammable. Instead of having to repeatedly count the bubbles, which passed through the burette I could have used a laser to count the bubbles.

Economic Growth and Standards of Living

Economic Growth and Standards of Living International Marketing Tehniat Zafar Is it possible for an economy to experience economic growth as measured by GNP without rise in standard of living? Discuss. Ans: A Nation’s â€Å"GNP† Gross National product is the total amount of its economic production and resources. On the other hand, The Gross National Product amount in no way specifies the method in which this wealth or money is circulated in the economy. There are many cases in â€Å"under-developed† states like 1% of the inhabitants may or would control 80 % of the wealth as there is a large income disparity and unequal distribution of wealth. Therefore, however the economy may develop and the amount of GNP will escalate significantly. It is not necessary that the largest ratio of the people may experience an appropriate increase in their standard of living because population rate is so high in these nations. Population growth is one major problem. Nevertheless, total national income might significantly rise because there will be more workforce. The average per capita GNP will decrease if population growth is tremendously great because there is a large amount of income disparity among people. GNP measures the economic condition of the country that how the economy is towards growth. Acording to an assumption: All other things equal, A rise in GNP will read to an increase in the standard of living people aswell. Vice versa that if a nation increase its standard of living their GNP rate will increase aswell. One benefit public can benfit from higher growth rate is that the will be consuming more goods and services and it is also an economic assumption that consumption is related to utility and higher consumption in terms of theory there is greater level of prosperity. Higher growth rates results in higher tax revenues and when the tax revenues will increase the government can spend more on siginificant services like health, roads, education. It is a known fact that improved health can also lead to improved standard of living and better educational standards can promote literacy and development as education is a significant tool of welfare and prosperity. If a country’s growth rates are high the unemployment rate will also decrease as there will be more jobs. As employment is a major reason of social problems and issues but structural unemployment like due to technological changes will not decrease. Law of Diminishing returns is an economic theory, which means that the tenth unit of a good will give much less satisfaction than the first one. For example if we already have two luxury cars, will our living standards actually recover if we now have the ability to own three cars now? Frequently as economic growth expands earnings, people progressively save their wealth as this is basically because they fight to find whatever expressive to devote their wealth on and which is suitable for them Economic growth can also increase pollution. Global warming side effects are becoming a significant problem for the society. On contrary to it high economic growth can be used develop better techniques to lessen the effects of pollution and pollution itself. As there is a large amount of income disparity and unequal distribution of wealth high economic growth can cause more increased inequality because educated people will get more benefit and illiterate people will not get as much benefits as compared to educated people. Higher economic growth results in higher incomes and wages of people and because of that the crime rate increases aswell because crime is not basically related to poverty it is mostly related to theft, as you can see in the late 50’s or 60’s technological gadgets like mobiles phones and tablets were non existent and in today’s world these gadgets are the ones which mostly get stolen and these thefts are higher now. Higher growth rate will affect standard of living as the people will start to work more hours thus disturbing their personal life. They will get higher incomes but they wont be having enough time to spend it with their family with peace. As the economic growth will increase many diseases will increase aswell as you saw that in today’s standard of living obesity is a common disease as people have money and increased prosperity they avoid doing work themselves or even to cook food for their self so they just go out buy all tha fast junk food which later result in many new diseases in them. It’s a proven fact that when an economy’s growth rate rises the income increases aswell money is more available to people through employment oppurtunities when the economy is powerful people spend more money and consume more products. As a country develops, income arises, population growth shifts, expectation for a better life gets high, people’s demands arise. Economic rapidness affects the consumer behavior and in every dynamic economy consumer and consumption patterns change rapidly High standards of living is directly related to rapid economic growth as the workforce of economy will expand and they will produce more and the public will consume more so it’s a direct relationship that as production will increase consumption will increase aswell. Labor productivity increases with increasing growth rate, increased productivity helps the economy in the long run to a much greater extent then it hurts the labour force. As the productivity upsurges, so do the sum of goods and marketplaces open. Likewise, as products turn out to be less lavish, due to more well-organized manufacture techniques, the amount demanded for some of those goods also upsurges. Low developed countries are more benfited with high growth rates because they are more in need of it as developed countries. High economic growth help the nation to deal with many crucial problems of poverty, unjustice, basic facilities etc. We cannot say that economic growth is destined to bring unhappiness in fact we have to connect the potential of economic growth to make sure it really does increase the living standards of the inhabitants. A country which lacks productivity will have lower wages and income as compared to countries with higher productivity levels. High standard of living demand prosperity and for prosperity the proper system of health, care, nutrition and life expectancy must be assured. The more prosperous an economy will be the more his citizens will healthy and fit and in this way they will work for their nation more efficiently. We cannot say that prosperity stays stationary. As an alternative many nation’s over time become or less affluent. An economic boom may or may not bring prosperity to that country. Higher livings standards basically benefit majorly all the inhabitants of an economy a rapid increase in labor supply will result in labor demand aswell thus minimizing the chances of unemployment. High growth economy lead to high incentive so when the living standard of the population will increase people will more like to invest more because of the incentive the economy is offering and this will improve their standard of living more. If we take a look at the history 1950 or 1960 in USA’s rapid high growth resulted in inquality which resulted in a decrease in standard of living. Consequently, we analysed some benefits and drawbacks of economic growth for our living standards and we can observe that there is no a particular answer to that question that whether standard of living is affected with rapid growth rate or not, but I think that economic growth hints to upsurge in living standards of the people because the high economic growth can solve the most crucial and significant problems with learning and well-being or depletion of goods, products and services and these things are far more vital than an disparity or lengthier working hours for labour and working class.

Marx and Nietzsches Theories Essay -- Friedrich Nietzsche Karl Marx P

Marx and Nietzsche's Theories Society is flawed. There are critical imbalances in it that cause much of humanity to suffer. In, the most interesting work from this past half-semester, The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx is reacting to this fact by describing his vision of a perfectly balanced society, a communist society. Simply put, a communist society is one where all property is held in common. No one person has more than the other, but rather everyone shares in the fruits of their labors. Marx is writing of this society because, he believes it to be the best form of society possible. He states that communism creates the correct balance between the needs of the individual and the needs of society. And furthermore thinks that sometimes violence is necessary to reach the state of communism. This paper will reflect upon these two topics: the relationship of the individual and society, and the issue of violence, as each is portrayed in the manifesto.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before expounding upon these ideas, it is necessary to establish a baseline from which to view these topics. It is important to realize that we as humans view everything from our own cultural perspective. Marx speaks of this saying, "Your very ideas are but the outgrowth of the conditions of your bourgeois production and bourgeois property, just as your jurisprudence is but the will of your class made into a law for all, a will, whose essential character and direction are determined by the economical conditions of existence of your class."   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With this in mind, some perspective on the society of that time is vital. During this time the industrial revolution is taking place, a massive movement away from small farms, businesses operated out of homes, small shops on the corner, and so on. Instead, machines are mass-producing products in giant factories, with underpaid workers. No longer do people need to have individual skills. Now, it is only necessary that they can keep the machines going, and do small, repetitive work. The lower working class can no longer live a normal life following their own pursuits, but are lowered to working inhumane hours in these factories. This widens the gap between the upper and lower class-called bourgeois and proletariat-until they are essentially two different worlds. The bourgeois, a tiny portion of the population, has the majority of the wealth while the proletariat, t... ...che's theories seem firmly embedded in history. The concepts that he proposed allowed a number of great movements to follow. His theories on the Dionysian and Apollonian instincts opened up the deep psycho-analysis field to Freud, in addition to inspiring the existentialist movement. Unfortunately, his work was adopted and used to support the Third Reich when it was attempting to take over the world, and for a while no one would give his work any credit. Justly his work has recently been given the credit it is due, as well as all of his theories becoming again highly discussed, debated, and lamented over.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The theory behind The Will to Power is incredibly well supported despite the fact that it is simply a collection of notes from Nietzsche's later years. It is a wonderful compilation of the premise behind all of his other works and the summary of their individual points. The most amazing aspect of the book and the philosophy is the incredible validity of it even now, over a hundred years after it was written. The social order of his new world needed to be addressed more, but the principles proposed stand sturdily on their own two feet confident in their own will to power.

Teen People Magazine Essay -- BTEC Business Marketing GCSE Coursework

Teen People Magazine The Teen People, September edition, is a magazine designed to appeal to young female readers. Its content features well known celebrities, use of bright and flashy colors, and an organized layout that attracts an upbeat, young readership interested in high-quality appearance and style. Although the magazine’s main focus may appear to insure a great fashion sense, it also concentrates on a philosophical orientation by covering a more diverse readership that includes all colors, sizes, and shapes of females. Teen People also expands its audience by recognizing both visual and text oriented audiences. To appeal to the more visual oriented audience, the magazine uses exotic photography in the advertisements for Self Esteem, Secret Deodorant, and Ralph Lauren. For the more text oriented audience, the magazine includes celebrity profiles on Ruben Studdard as well as both Nick Lachey and Jessica Simpson. Whether the audience is visual or text oriented, Teen People’s main objec tive is to create an animated and enjoyable magazine for young female readers. The advertisement for the clothing line Self Esteem uses an imaginative idea of a human butterfly to catch the eye of its visual oriented viewers (117). The advertisement pictures a young Mediterranean female with butterfly wings attached to her back. She is dressed in casual attire with green cargo pants and a simple khaki colored shirt. The unusual depiction and choice in clothing may insinuate that an athletic female reader can effectively express herself by dressing comfortably in Self Esteem clothing wear. The smile and happy indication illustrates that freedom of originality leads to eternal happiness. Self Esteem places the young female in the midst of... ...emales tend to desire. Self Esteem uses a deeper level of thinking to portray beauty. Secret Deodorant tends to advertise angelic beauty, whereas companies such as Ralph Lauren advertise natural beauty. Although both articles use big celebrities to attract their readers, they tend to differ in who is attracted and why they are attracted to the article. Whatever the approach may be, Teen People Magazine accurately appeals to all types of people who desire a good style sense, information on their favorite celebrities, and overall beauty. Works Cited Ralph Lauren advertisement. Teen People. September 2005: 51. Ruben Studdard Article. Teen People. September 2005: 176. Secret Deodorant advertisement. Teen People. September 2005: 64. Self Esteem advertisement. Teen People. September 2005: 117. "They’ve Got Game." Teen People. September 2005: 190.

An Analysis of the Epic Poem, Beowulf - Bravery in Beowulf :: Epic of Beowulf Essays

Bravery in Beowulf Bravery is like a very trusted friend, it will never let you down. That statement holds true in the great epic of "Beowulf." "Beowulf" is the story of a great hero who comes to the aid of a troubled king. Beowulf hears that king Hrothgar is having trouble and immediately comes to help with no questions asked. he defeats the monster, Grendel, with his bare hands. Beowulf then defeats Grendel's mother along with a dragon until he is fatally injured. Bravery is a very admirable characteristic that few people possess. First of all, Beowulf came to help Hrothgar on his own free will. Hearing of the troubles that Hrothgar was having with a monster terrorizing Herot, his mead hall, Beowulf bravely offered his help not knowing what he was up against. When he arrived, Beowulf did not ask the king for either money nor fame. The only favor that he asked of Hrothgar was that he and his men were to fight the monster, Grendel. Coming away from one's homeland to help get rid of a man-eating monster and asking for nothing in return takes much courage and is an extremely brave deed. Next, Beowulf decides to fight Grendel with his bare hands. He could have easily obtained some kind of weapon to fight with. Beowulf was the first warrior ever to have enough sheer bravery to go up against such a monster with neither help nor weapon or shield to aid him. he was a warrior that believed somewhat in fate and in God. Believing that God made the decisions and was in control, Beowulf trusted that his life was in good hands. Defeating Grendel with his bare hands, Beowulf not only proved his bravery but also his loyalty. After defeating Grendel, Beowulf came back twice in order to kill Grendel's mother and a fire-breathing dragon. Although during his bout with the dragon, Beowulf was fatally injured. As his services were needed, he always prevailed; Beowulf's bravery never tired. He even had to fight and kill these monsters in their homes where nobody had ever ventured. Successfully defeating Grendel's mother lead Beowulf into his third and final battle with the last monster.

My First Step Into College Essay

As I have started my college career I noticed that the writing is a lot harder than it ever has been before. More in depth, more to do and of course the deadlines and due dates are much shorter. Time and time again I’m reminded that my time management skills have really brought down my writing ability and that I need to apply myself to my writing more to avoid failing a paper or even a class. My experience in first taking English 1100 and having to retake it have pushed me to better manage my time and focus on writing well put together essays that are college level. I learned that the whole structure of this class is a little bit a new experience and some I have done before. Just like everyone, I’m not perfect, I have strengths, and many weaknesses in my writing that I could improve on but I would really like to improve my writing. Last semester was a hectic and not very good start to my college career because I failed to deal with the pressure from the expectations given by my teachers, and my parents. The teacher gives the due dates and the instructions to the students, me included, but the only thing I could seem to follow perfectly is the deadline aspect of the papers. That was an important yet easy expectation to follow because if you did not turn it in on time then you don’t get a grade for it basically, which is something I didn’t want to let happen, although my lack of time management skills did not help the content of that essay live up to the teachers expectations. I have learned from this that it is hard to finish a paper when you get home from work at 10:30 dead tired, and you stay up till one in the morning finishing it when you could have done it on your day off and not have had to worry about it the night before. That was after the two days of pre writing I did for the paper. It was another narrative but more personal. It was about either a place or person that is significant in your life. I chose my girlfriend, I love her to death and I don’t go out much so she was the only thing listed under the prompt that I could write a significant and relevant to the prompt narrative. It was going well I was asking my girlfriend for help as far as proofreading and editing. It was great to have her there because she is a much better writer than I am. That paper was going well until I had to stay up late the night before to finish it. Needless to say I didn’t feel good about how it was going to turn out and I was kind of right. I was given a C minus, mostly for a lot of spelling issues and run on sentences, which could have been fixed if I did not have to rush to finish the paper and if I would have hit the spell check button. I fell a little short of my parent’s expectations who expected C plus’s, B’s, and A’s out of me. It was a little hard telling them my grade and explaining why it was so low and how I should have taken more time on it and how I should not have slacked off. As hard and annoying as it was to hear it they were right, I couldn’t slack off and pass the class. Unfortunately I couldn’t buckle down in time enough to save my grade and I ended up failing the class with a C minus which for my major is not passing. Through out the rest of the semester I did improve my writing later on especially personal essays and comparison reflections the relate to me. I did also learn that by fixing my time management skills and taking more time in the whole writing process improved my last two papers which were a research essay and a reader reflection of a text I received a B and a B plus which was surprising to me but was the reward for my learning to apply myself and handle the pressure of the expectations given to me by my teacher and my parents. Throughout my first semester of college in English 1100 I have learned how important the expectations that my teachers and parents give me are. They are set in place so that I can grow as a better, more organized student, as well as growing as a writer and better understanding what makes a good essay, the experience taught me a lot and now I am ready to apply myself and redeem myself.

Ethics Essay – Fourth Estate

Media spotlight has the ability to change people’s lives dramatically, in some cases it is accidental, every day people minding their own business and as a consequence of being involved in an incident which resulted in either an inspiring or devastating outcome which resulted the private lives being thrust into the media spotlight. Whilst other people who have obtained media attention due to their public appointment have had the same experience, their lives altered dramatically due to media’s invasion of their privacy in the name of public interest. The Fourth Estate, a name given to the media who traditionally have been charged as the custodian for public interest, the publics watch dog, their responsibility to the public sphere is to warn us, some times educate us and they have the ability to entertain us, they also ensure that people exercising power are kept in check and held accountable. However, there is a debate looming, is it possible that today’s Media, are the one’s who now need to kept in check and made accountable. The Australian Law Reform Commission, have put the Unfair Publication Defamation and Privacy legislation back on the agenda, as they believe the public are having their privacy scrutinized not for interest of the public, but for public interest. Having the legislation back on the agenda has caused much angst of the media industry, who strongly believe any more statute regulations will threaten to undermine the viability of the Fourth Estate. Overall, this essay will argue that, any new legislation will only benefit the Law profession, if the media truly believe that the Fourth Estate, whilst not constitutional, it has played an important role in our democracy over time, is worth fighting for so, it does not become invalid due to new regulation, they must admit to themselves that because of their fascination with the private behavior of public figures, the public are voicing their concern with this fascination and the methods used by the media industry, the current reporting methods seem to have actually started to undermine the ideals of the highly regarded custom of The Fourth Estate. However, the media industry now have a great opportunity, if they want stay free of any new regulation, they need to regain public trust and be true to their democratic role as the guardian of public interest, they will need to start accepting the responsibility for the current practices and become more accountable to the self regulation systems currently in place. Since some work practices employed by media outlets have over time damaged the industry’s image, especially in the eyes of the public who no longer have trust in both Journalists and media industry, the lack of trust causes a problem as the media are supposed to act as a protector in the public interest. When did the attitude of the public change? And what role does a Journalist now play in our democratic society? What is more important is how can journalists end the conflicting obligations when it comes to ethical behavior. Fundamentally the role of a Journalist has not changed, their role is to warn us, inform us, educate and entertain us. (Conley, D & Lamble, S. 2006 The Daily Miracle an introduction to Journalism. P3). Journalists have an obligation to seek and defend and even extend the public sphere, (Stockwell,S. Beyond the fourth estate,1999 Democracy, deliberation and Journalism Theory, Australian Journalism Review 21(1), pp. 37-49). The phrase Public Sphere is a term which describes an area in social life where people can get together and freely discuss and identify problems in society and through that discussion influence political action. (Hartley, J. Communication, Cultural and Media Studies (2007), The Key Concepts. P191). In the latter part of the 20th Century, Journalists fulfilled their role as protector of the public sphere, The Fourth Estate played an important role as Catharine Lumby explains, the reason why the Fourth Estate played an import role was that issues which had lain dormant for years surfaced, partly because a host of political movements expanded during this period, the scope of issues that were once considered purely private matters such as domestic violence and sexual harassment were being voiced in the public sphere, (Lumby, C 1998, Twisted Tales, Private lives caught in the eyes of the public storm, AG, Sept-Oct). However, this was not sustained, Julianne Schultz warned in 1998 that a backlash was building, the publics opinion was changing, The Fourth Estate type of investigative stories that was so popular in the 1980’s were not appealing to the public as they once were, people were drawn to the appeal of big personalities, glamour, the good guys and bad guys, the types of stories that you would normally have seen only in soap operas. The fourth Estate Type of stories were easier to by pass, media anagements grew tired of the costs involved in substantial investigative stories, the temptation was to go with the entertainment type stories, this made money, making money made it easier to forgo challenging and demanding Fourth Estate stories. (Schultz, J Reviving the Fourth Estate, 1998. P230-31). According to Catharine Lumby, lower standards of news reporting is the coming age of the media, However, these sources of news and gossip have an increasing impact on what makes it to the mainstream media. The issues that were brought out into the public sphere like sexual harassment and domestic violence are now the reason why media can not separate the private and the public. (Lumby. C, Twisted Private Lives caught in the eye of the public storm, AG. September-October. P35). With the emergence of the new media a principle dilemma now existed in the media industry, which is more important, stories of public interest or stories that interest the public over a decade stories such as a Princess driven to her death by Maniacal paparazzi, Reality TV shows, radio hosts showered with vats of cash for editoral comment, ethics were hardly out of the media (Probyn, E. & Lumby, C. Remote Control New Media, New Ethics. P1). The public have been losing faith in the Journalist profession for some time, because of unethical behavior of some reporter’s the public consider them untrustworthy. This untrusting of this profession has been gaining momentum for some time, as far back as January 2004 Roy Morgan released the results of an annual survey to establish which profession is considered to be the most ethical and honest, the findings are based on the results of surveying over 600 people. The findings found Journalists are ranked the third lowest on the list. Morgan, G Roy Morgan Research, finding no 3701, 2004. www. roymorgan. com/news/pols/2004/3701). Ethics are important, they help raise standards and are used in different professions, ethics reinforces respect for others Michael Anderson conducted a survey to find our how Journalism ethics rate in the quest of news. David Conley believes, Journalists face three sometimes conflicting obligations when considering privacy: getting the news out, showing compassion and educating society (Cronley,D & Lambie, S 2006,p386). Reading the MEAA code of ethics, clause 11 states clearly, Journalists should respect private grief and personal privacy. Journalists have the right to resist compulsion to intrude. According to Ralph Potter, Journalists should ensure that their first alliance is always the public when making a decision if faced with an ethical dilemma. (Potter, R. Potter Box. Pg2 ) Their role is to help ensure the health of the democratic processes, Journalism, properly understood is a necessary part of holding power to account (Chadwick,P. Fame, Media, Privacy , ACP public forum. P,6)